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Sankey diagram of Linde plc. A complete text table follows the diagram.
Long-duration on-site contracts, resilient merchant pricing and an 8% sales increase turned a geographically balanced industrial-gas portfolio into a 28% operating-margin business
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All flow values are directly reported or exact arithmetic residuals. Operating cost base is sales less reported operating profit. Pension benefit and equity-investment income are shown as positive sources at their respective stages.
Labels and narrative explain the filing. A category marked “arithmetic bridge” or “residual” is calculated from reported totals, rather than a separately reported line.
| Category | Stage | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Americas | 1 | $4.0B | 46% of sales; up 10% |
| EMEA | 1 | $2.2B | 25% of sales; up 7% |
| Asia Pacific | 1 | $1.7B | 19% of sales; up 11% |
| Engineering | 1 | $517M | Plant design and construction |
| Other | 1 | $367M | Corporate and ancillary activity |
| Sales | 2 | $8.8B | Up 8% year over year |
| Operating profit | 3 | $2.4B | 27.8% operating margin |
| Operating cost base | 3 | $6.3B | Production, SG&A, D&A and R&D |
| Pension & OPEB benefit | 3 | $54M | Non-service benefit |
| Income before net interest | 4 | $2.5B | Operating profit plus pension benefit |
| Income before tax & equity investments | 5 | $2.4B | 27.7% of sales |
| Net interest expense | 5 | $62M | Debt funding cost |
| Income before equity investments | 6 | $1.9B | After income taxes |
| Income tax | 6 | $571M | 23.5% effective rate |
| Equity-investment income | 6 | $40M | Affiliate earnings |
| Net income before NCI | 7 | $1.9B | 21.6% of sales |
| Linde net income | 8 | $1.9B | $3.98 diluted EPS |
| Noncontrolling interests | 8 | $43M | Minority ownership claims |
| From | To | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Americas | Sales | $4.0B |
| EMEA | Sales | $2.2B |
| Asia Pacific | Sales | $1.7B |
| Engineering | Sales | $517M |
| Other | Sales | $367M |
| Sales | Operating profit | $2.4B |
| Sales | Operating cost base | $6.3B |
| Operating profit | Income before net interest | $2.4B |
| Pension & OPEB benefit | Income before net interest | $54M |
| Income before net interest | Income before tax & equity investments | $2.4B |
| Income before net interest | Net interest expense | $62M |
| Income before tax & equity investments | Income before equity investments | $1.9B |
| Income before tax & equity investments | Income tax | $571M |
| Income before equity investments | Net income before NCI | $1.9B |
| Equity-investment income | Net income before NCI | $40M |
| Net income before NCI | Linde net income | $1.9B |
| Net income before NCI | Noncontrolling interests | $43M |